RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE DISORDERS
Receptive language disorders involve reduced comprehension of one's native language or language of highest proficiency as compared to same-aged peers.
EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE DISORDERS
Expressive language disorders involve reduced ability to express oneself in one's native language or language of highest proficiency as compared to same-aged peers.
ARTICULATION AND SPEECH SOUND DISORDERS
Articulation and speech sound disorders involve sound substitutions, omissions, additions, and/or distortions that make a person hard to understand in their native language or language of highest proficiency
MOTOR SPEECH DISORDERS
Motor speech disorders originate in the nervous system and include acquired disorders of articulation such as dysarthria and disorders of oral-motor imitation and sequencing such as apraxia of speech.
FLUENCY/STUTTERING DISORDERS
These conditions are commonly called "stuttering," which involves both typical and atypical varieties. Typical stuttering is a condition which tends to run in families and manifests as specific disfluencies like part-word repetitions, whole-word repetitions, prolongations, blocks, hesitations, and secondary stuttering behaviors like fidgeting and reduced eye contact.
ACCENT MODIFICATION
Although having a non-native English accent is by no means a disorder, some people may find that it makes communication harder in professional or personal settings. Though it
is not considered "speech therapy," accent coaching can help people speak English as a second language with greater clarity and confidence..
